When the outlet of the stomach acid going back into the esophagus, there is then a acid reflux. What involves symptoms such as heartburn. Contrary to the stomach mucosa constitutes the lining of the esophagus is not in order to be in contact with the acid there. The esophagus may therefore be damaged by this acidity that is not in place.

If the burn of the stomach and other gastric symptoms appear two to three weeks and without affecting daily life, then it was acid reflux that light. However, if symptoms persist for six months, become a real difficulty in daily life including the night, it will be rather a severe acid reflux that would be likely to lead to other complications if ignored over a long time .

Question or acid reflux symptom, heartburn, this is mainly to maintain a healthy lifestyle and dietary practices such “healthy”, which are bases for the abolition of the meals too heavy, too fatty, the elimination of soft drinks, he reduction of coffee, tea, alcohol, chocolate and also new things and avoid wearing too tight clothing, or even try to reject the cigarette.

Designate part of gastroesophageal reflux (or RGO) step in the esophagus of a part of gastric contents. Usually is a phenomenon that can occur intermittently throughout the world and especially after dinner, ie postprandial period. When the gastroesophageal reflux becomes frequent and a source of complications, it is called gastroesophageal reflux disease.

At present, it is considered that 30-45% of Western populations present RGO symptoms at least once a month and 5-10% daily! Gastroesophageal reflux is well more widespread than we could believe. Indeed, in Canada, for example, it is considered that 29% of the population would be bothered by gastroesophageal reflux, is also 44% of the adult population in the United States and 45% of the French population to have reflux least once a month.

Gastroesophageal reflux is thus a disorder that causes regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus. As it was not designed into the esophagus to withstand the acidity of gastric juices, the ignition is done. Then still burns and other symptoms of irritation of the esophagus also clumsy ones as the others. They note that the current language you want the gastroesophageal reflux is so reductive designate its main symptom, the heartburn.

More concretely, the RGO is caused by a dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter is a muscular ring located at the junction of the esophagus and stomach. When functioning normally, the lower esophageal sphincter prevents stomach contents go up into the esophagus. Only opens to let food swallowed.

Instead, we speak of reflux when the sphincter opens at inappropriate times. Then allowed to escape the stomach contents into the esophagus, gastric juices containing compound, which leaves room for burns, regurgitation, the irritations, etc …. Spitting is also more widespread in infants in whom the sphincter is immature.

It is necessary to guard the various complications usually resulting from the RGO. If the esophagus is too often exposed to acidity, that can generate such a call oesophagite ignition, or even esophageal ulcers.

It is necessary to avoid prolonged fasting especially since an empty stomach will be much more vulnerable to acidity. If heartburn appear between meals, making a comparison can often relieve in some people. Contrary to what one might think, the milk can relieve stomach pain as very short term. However, it can also worsen the long-term heartburn because it contains casein and calcium, which increases gastric secretion and the resulting heartburn.

The citrine or acid fruits such as orange, grapefruit or apples can also be as responsible for gastric discomfort. From the point of view of the drinks, coffee, tea, chocolate, cocoa and cola contain methylxanthines that can cause severe pain to the stomach. Alcohol, finally, promotes gastric secretion of hydrochloric acid which can be harmful to the stomach. In spices, that will determine the lot of tolerance for each individual.

Foods to Avoid

Some foods emphasize or create enabling heartburn acid reflux in the esophagus or increasing the production of gastric juices or by decreasing the effectiveness of the esophageal sphincter should prevent trace acidity in the esophagus. This applies, in particular, foods rich in fats, lower the tone of the sphincter, delayed digestion, and thereby promote the accumulation of gastric juices in the stomach. Output as the sparks, the delicatessen meats, whole milk, cheese, rich sauces and fatty meats.

Chocolate also helps to loosen the sphincter muscle. Spearmint and spiced mint, which has acids such “volatile” cause the same effects, it is therefore advised to avoid herbal teas, drinks, candy or condiments containing mint. Onions are also recognized as having a direct effect on the irritation of the esophagus. Onions frits in particular often cause heartburn especially those who suffer regularly from gastroesophageal reflux.

Foods that should be favored

Other foods on the contrary increase the lower esophageal sphincter pressure. They are protein-rich foods such as meat, fish fine products wholly or partly skimmed milk. People suffering from burns of the stomach or gastro esophageal reflux should choose from such fine cuts of beef, veal, pork and lamb, and poultry without the skin, so fresh and frozen fish, sardines, cheese and nonfat yogurts containing less than 2% of fat.

So, taking care to feed them can relieve burns and other stomach ailments. But it should be noted that this discipline is not always sufficient to itself.

The administration of drugs such as cimetidine or ranitidine may reduce gastric acidity. Should also be avoided certain foods (like fats and chocolate), tobacco and certain drugs (eg anticholinergics), anything that increases the tendency of the lower esophageal sphincter to let the liquid. The doctor may prescribe a medicine cholinergic (eg, bethanechol, metoclopramide or cisapride) to make the lower sphincter to close more tightly.

Urgent surgery is not necessary unless esophagitis causing a massive hemorrhage. But bleeding can reoccur. The narrowing of the esophagus is treated with drugs and repeated dilations, which can be made using balloons or probes (dilators of progressively larger metal). If dilation is effective, the closer does not limit significantly the food intake. Treatment with omeprazole or lansoprazole or surgery can relieve the intense inflammation, hemorrhage, strictures, ulcers or symptoms that have not responded to other treatments. The omeprazole and lansoprazole are the drugs most effective for the rapid resolution of esophageal inflammation caused by reflux. Barret’s syndrome, a precancerous condition, can disappear, provided that the treatment has alleviated the symptoms, although not always so.

What is gastroesophageal reflux?

The burning, heartburn, retrosternal heartburn is a burning sensation in the center of the chest that often occurs after eating, bending over, exercising, and sometimes, when lying down. It is a common problem, nearly one in every 10 adults have these symptoms at least once a week, and one in three monthly. Some pregnant women have it almost daily. These symptoms indicate a disease called gastroesophageal reflux or GERD.

When you swallow, food passes through your throat and esophagus into the stomach. A muscle called the lower esophageal sphincter controls the opening between the esophagus and stomach and remains closed except when swallowing. When this muscle fails to close, the contents of the stomach acid can rise into the esophagus. This is called reflux. When stomach acid enters the lower esophagus, can cause the symptoms described above.

The advice to improve gastroesophageal reflux

* Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight increases intra-abdominal pressure and it hurts.
* Stop smoking. The snuff relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter.
* Do not use clothes that push the abdomen. Avoid tight belts.
* If possible, avoid heavy lifting and avoid prolonged trunk flexion.
* Make small, frequent meals and avoid abundant.
* Limit consumption of fatty foods, chocolate, peppermint, coffee, tea, soft drinks (especially colas) and alcohol. All cause lower esophageal sphincter relaxation.
* Limit consumption of tomatoes, citrus (fruit juices). They provide acid that can irritate the esophagus.
* Eat foods rich in fiber, especially if it has a tendency to constipation.
* Dine two or three hours before bedtime, and avoid lying down after meals.
* Raise the head of your bed about 15-20 cm by placing wooden blocks under the legs of the header, to allow gravity to keep stomach contents inside. The use of pillows does not usually work well.

Many people improve following the above recommendations. Antacids are sold in pharmacies without a prescription can be useful for occasional symptoms.

Acid reflux is a common condition that occurs when stomach acid comes back again into the esophagus. In most people, this is caused by situational factors, such as overeating or stress, and disappears in a few days. However, if acid reflux continues for more than a couple of weeks or is accompanied by other symptoms such as vomiting or diarrhea, it is important to see your doctor Your doctor will diagnose the cause of your acid reflux and prescribe the right medications for you.

Zantac 75

Zantac 75 is a prescription medication is also available in a lower dose. It is used to treat a wide variety of conditions from acid reflux.

Zantac 75 is in a class of prescription medications called inhibitors proton pump. These drugs act and force the gastric acid pump in the stomach. This reduces the amount of acid the stomach produces.

Zantac 75 is safe and effective for many people. However, it should not be taken by those with certain underlying medical conditions, including but not limited to, kidney or liver disease, without the approval of a doctor. They also can interact negatively with other medications. For your safety, consult your doctor before taking any version of Zantac 75.

Zantac 75 can cause a range of adverse effects, although these are mild in most people. Tell your doctor immediately if you experience headache, vomiting, stomach pain or any unusual symptoms.

Nexium

Nexium is a prescription drug commonly used to treat a specific type known as acid reflux gastroesophageal reflux. This condition occurs when a regular washing of stomach acid causes pain and injury in the esophagus. Nexium can also be used with other medications to treat or prevent stomach ulcers.

Nexium belongs to a class of drugs known as H2 blockers acid reflux. These drugs block the production of histamine2, a natural chemical that stimulates the stomach to produce acid.

Nexium is well tolerated by many people, but it is not suitable for everyone. Make sure your doctor is aware of your medical history and any prescription and nonprescription medicines you take. Side effects are possible, ranging from headache to dry mouth. Let your doctor know if you see any unusual symptoms.

Prilosec OTC

Prilosec OTC is a popular choice because it is a recommended treatment for many different causes of acid reflux. The drug is available in some formulations.

Aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate are the active ingredients. Read the label to determine which of them are used in the product you are considering. Some formulations also contain simethicone, which is effective against gas and bloating.

Prilosec OTC is generally safe and effective for most people. However, it may be appropriate for those with kidney disease or other underlying conditions. Besides antacids, such as Prilosec OTC may decrease the effectiveness of many prescription drugs. Always discuss your medical history and use of prescription medications with your doctor before taking OTC Prilosec or any other prescription medicines.

Prilosec OTC should not be considered a long-term substitute for seeing the doctor. If reflux persists beyond two weeks, or if you have additional symptoms such as vomiting, difficulty swallowing or drastic weight loss, it is important to see your doctor immediately. We diagnosed the specific cause of your symptoms of acid reflux and even start treatment regimen that is right for you.

To learn more about gastroesophageal reflux lets we talked with Dr. Edgardo Suárez Morán, Mocel Hospital gastroenterologist.

Gastroesophageal reflux is one of the most frequent diseases of the esophagus, with a prevalence of up to 40% in Mexican adults. Although it generates one of the highest rates of self-medication in many cases may go unnoticed even by doctors, but its extreme consequences can become cancer.

What is gastroesophageal reflux?
It is one of the most common diseases, if not the most common digestive tract. It occupies about 30 or 40 percent of all diseases, and in some countries is resulting in “indiscriminate self-medication.”

How does it manifest?
There are two types of manifestations: typical and atypical.
Among the typical symptoms are heartburn or heartburn, which is a stinging or burning sensation in the chest, halitosis (bad breath), belching or regurgitation, which is returning semitriturado or prepackaged food.
Atypical pose a risk to go unnoticed. Those who presented with chronic ENT illnesses such as laryngitis, sinusitis, chest pain of coronary origin, to swallow with a pain similar to angina or heart attack, you may have GERD.

The esophagus is the great victim of reflux … Why?
In principle, the stomach is accustomed to the acidity, and pH levels handled under 4, which are very acidic. It also handles bile, which has an impressive ability to burn. When all this passes down the esophagus, which is not used to it, it hurts. You can get to ulcerate or change the constitution of the fabric (known as Barrett’s metaplasia), a disease that is associated with esophageal cancer.

How bad can be and how consistent is their presence in the Mexican population?
In principle it is considered a disease because it modifies the individual’s life completely. Although Mexico did not have specific figures, I think the percentage is similar to the United States, between 30 and 40% frequency.

Is there an age that is most recurrence?
In adults it is common in people 70 years or more, because the esophageal valve (the muscle that holds the food flow in one direction, esophagus and stomach), he has no muscle tone.
Among the young may be due to emotional problems that cause anorexia or bulimia.

What are the most common causes of GERD?
The main one is the attack on the valve, because feeding or mechanical changes, which eventually acts as a door ajar.
Other causes are hypertrophy of the pylorus, ulcers or an inflammatory process that causes the stomach acid pond and back into the esophagus.
Reflux may be present during pregnancy, it is because around the twentieth week, the growth of the uterus “pushes” up the stomach thereby facilitating reflux usually gynecologist can treat it, unless it is a case difficult.
Other causes may be ill-focused exercises, such as the abdominal muscles that are involved in the upper abdomen.
A particular case is a hiatal hernia, an anatomical defect that promotes reflux.

What should you do if you have heartburn?
Given the classic symptoms is to limit food irritants, follow a diet and sleep with the bed elevated about 20 cm (at head height) to prevent reflux into the lungs and there is a risk of broncho-aspiration.

How much can be reduced by taking such measures?
For those who have classic reflux, which can reduce up to 50%. But we need the drug to block production of acid. It is important to note, however, that the abuse can have serious consequences. If within four to six weeks the patient does not feel better or feel it, but getting sick again as the drug leaves, it’s time to assist with the gastroenterologist.

What type of tests is based specialist for diagnosis?
The ideal study to diagnose gastroesophageal reflux is the pH-metry (pH measurement), which is monitoring the amount of acid or bile into the esophagus in 24 hours. Measure how many reflux events, more than five minutes, the patient presents. If more than three were considered pathologic reflux.
Other studies are less precise endoscopy, (its efficiency is up 70%) and the radiographic study that practically no longer used for this type of diagnosis.

What is the Ph-metry?
Remove the medication you are taking the patient for a week, not to influence the outcome. You are given a few drops of local anesthetic and intubated with vinyl catheters carrying 35 mm sensors, and using a computer program is collected from reflux and determine whether it is physiological or pathological.

What is medical treatment for reflux?
It’s simple, is to follow a diet without tomato, fats, legumes, among other foods, a position that elevates the head and part of the chest. Individuals with atypical symptoms, care between 6-8 weeks or longer, if necessary. Each person will respond differently to treatment but, like it or not, after some time the drugs have side effects also can be very expensive.

What happens when the drug is abused?
In a span of two or three years can cause stones in the kidney (kidney stones), increase the growth of the mammary gland in men or stimulate milk production, and in some cases, decreased libido, among others .

Are there other treatment options?
Yes, in some cases surgery is necessary, in my opinion is the best. Is to change the architecture of the valve, making it more relevant, up the bottom of the stomach.

How can we prevent gastroesophageal reflux?
The first is to prevent the snuff, because smokers have recurrent reflux, eating well and avoiding irritants and not go to bed after dinner to avoid heavy or large ingestions.

What treatments are not recommended?
Not be recommended home remedies like baking soda, milk, yogurt, salt tablets antacid or grapes, which are very archaic remedies. You should consult your doctor and know the great medicines that are available today, especially designed to reduce the acidity.

Vesicoureteral reflux occurs when urine is in the bladder flows back (reflux) into the ureters and often back into the kidneys. The bladder is the hollow muscular organ that stores urine before urination. The bladder has three small openings: two connect the ureters where urine is drained from the kidneys and one connects the bladder to the urethra where urine exits the body.

The ureters are funnel-shaped tubes that carry urine from the kidneys. The ureters enter the bladder at a diagonal angle and have a one-way valve that normally prevents urine back up the ureters towards the kidneys. When a child has vesicoureteral reflux, the mechanism that prevents urine from non-work, allowing urine to flow in both directions. This condition is most often diagnosed in infancy and childhood. The child with vesicoureteral reflux is at risk of developing recurrent kidney infections, which eventually can cause damage and scarring to the kidneys.
What causes vesicoureteral reflux?

There are many different reasons why a child may develop vesicoureteral reflux. Some of the more common causes include:

* VUR commonly occurs in children whose parents or siblings have the irregularity.
* Children born with neural tube defects such as spina bifida may have VUR.
* During infancy, the disease is more common among boys because as they urinate there is more pressure in the entire urinary tract. The irregularity is more common in girls during early childhood.
* VUR can occur in children with other urinary tract abnormalities such as posterior urethral valves, ureterocele, or ureter duplication.
* The VUR is more common in children Caucasian (white) than African American children.

What are the symptoms of vesicoureteral reflux?

The following are the most common symptoms of vesicoureteral reflux. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:

* Urinary tract infection (urinary tract infections are common in children under 5 years of age and are rare in men of any age, unless VUR is present).
* Problems with urination including:
or urgency.
or discharge.
or wetting pants.
* Abdominal mass may be detected due to inflammation of the kidneys.
* Poor weight gain.
* High blood pressure.

The symptoms of VUR may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Always consult your child’s physician for a diagnosis.
How is vesicoureteral reflux diagnosed?

VUR can often be detected by ultrasound before birth. If there is family history of VUR, but the child has no symptoms, the child’s doctor may decide to conduct diagnostic tests to rule out VUR. Diagnostic procedures for VUR may include:

* Voiding cystourethrogram (Also called English is VCUG) – a specific x-ray that examines the urinary tract. It puts a catheter (hollow tube) into the urethra (the tube that drains urine from the bladder to outside the body) and the bladder is filled with a liquid dye. X-ray images are taken as the bladder fills and empties. The images show whether there is reflux of urine into the ureters and kidneys.
* Renal ultrasound – a noninvasive test in which a transducer is passed over the kidney producing sound waves that bounce off the kidney, transmitting a picture of the organ on a video screen. The test is used to determine the size and shape of the kidney and to detect masses, stones, cysts or other obstruction or abnormalities.
* Blood tests.

Treatment for vesicoureteral reflux:

VUR can occur in varying degrees of severity. It can cause mild reflux, when urine backs up only a short distance in the ureters. It can cause severe reflux leading to kidney infection or infections and permanent kidney damage. Specific treatment for VUR will be determined by the child’s physician based on:

* The child’s age, overall health and medical history.
* Extent of the condition.
* Child’s tolerance for specific medications, procedures or therapies.
* Expectations for the course of the condition.
* Your opinion or preference.

Your child’s physician may assign a grade classification system (from 1 to 5) to indicate the degree of reflux your child has. The higher grade implies more severe reflux.

Most children with VUR grade 1 to 3 do not need any type of intense therapy. The reflux resolves itself over time, usually within five years.

Children who develop frequent fevers or infections may require ongoing preventative antibiotic therapy and periodic urine tests.

Children with reflux grade 4 and 5 may require surgical intervention. During the procedure the surgeon will create a valve apparatus for the ureter that will prevent backflow of urine into the kidneys. In more severe cases surgery may be necessary to remove the scarred kidney and ureter.

Additional symptoms of acid reflux in children include bad breath, constant crying (colic), throat, eating, picky sore, ear infections, running nose gagging and choking off sleep problems at night, drooling, chronic and many more. Any parent will identify with many of these symptoms mentioned. Each child has one or more of these symptoms before he or she reaches the terrible two. So what is a father or a mother to do since so many of these symptoms are caused by one or many things that have nothing to do with acid reflux symptoms in children? The easiest answer is to consult with your pediatrician or family doctor. Children often grow out acid reflux disorders. However, ignoring acid reflux symptoms in children can lead to a more serious condition called GERD or gastro esophageal reflux. You basically can not afford to take a chance and need to consult with a medical professional who is familiar with acid reflux symptoms in children.

The acid reflux symptoms in children are diagnosed giving the doctor a list of observed symptoms of the child. These details and with a good review should allow the doctor to make a correct diagnosis. However there are times when additional testing may be required especially if the disease is suspected gastro esophageal reflux. Many doctors use a pH probe to determine the acid level of the sphincter or LES lower esophageal. This valve or sphincter is supposed to keep stomach acid to flow up the esophagus. However, if the muscle that controls the opening and closing of LES is weak or damaged after the acid up the esophagus can be recast. The pH probe is passed through the nose into the esophagus. This thin tube was then in the lower portion of the esophagus where it measures pH levels and frequency of gastric reflux for 12-24 hours. If high levels of acid reflux detected then further test may be required. An endoscope is placed down the esophagus often to determine the condition of the LES and damage to the esophagus from acid reflux. If damage is detected severe diagnosis of GERD will probably require further testing yourself and prompt treatment.

The symptoms of acid reflux in children may be treated effectively by using changes in care and life form. Simple things that you can use lessen the symptoms for an infant or young child include keeping the baby upright after feeding even if he or she falls a sleep. The elevation of the head of the crib and check frequently to make sure the baby’s head is higher than her abdomen. Start feeding solid food will also help. Keep a record of what and when you feed a baby to help insulate the food or drink that can increase the symptoms of acid reflux in your child. Make sure you discuss these options with your doctor before applying them.

The symptoms of acid reflux in older children can be treated and treated and how changing what they eat. Several smaller meals each day will decrease the pressure in the LES muscle and reduce gastric reflux. Again raising the head of your childs bed will reduce pressure on the LES muscle and ensure a good night’s sleep which in itself reduces stress and increases the child’s welfare. Raising the bed using a mere 3-inch brick or two 2×4 boards will be sufficient to achieve the necessary slope. Do not let your child be placed for at least 30 minutes after eating. Also do not let your children sit in front of the TV or computer for hours at a time. Exercise is an important factor in digestion and growth that will reduce the symptoms of acid reflux in children. Limit most importantly high acidic foods, carbonated beverages, high sugar drinks and spicy foods of their childrens diet. There is also a clear link between childhood obesity and symptoms of heartburn in children. Exercise and a healthy diet will go a long way in reducing the symptoms of acid reflux in children

If you suspect your child is suffering from acid reflux symptoms you should consult your pediatrician or doctor for a proper diagnosis. Many symptoms of acid reflux in children are masked or are similar to those of other conditions. Most children spend the problems naturally acid reflux heartburn. However symptoms acid reflux in children if left untreated can lead to a more serious condition. Prescribed medications can be used in cases of severe symptoms or when diagnosing GERD. Early diagnosis and treatment is the key to the reduction and or cure the symptoms of acid reflux in children.

Herbs may be used as dried extracts (capsules, powders, and teas), extracts of glycerin or alcohol extracts prepared. Teas should be a measure of the herb per cup of hot water. Let stand 5 to 10 minutes for leaf or flowers, and 10 to 20 minutes for roots. Drink 2 to 4 cups per day.

Some herbs used to treat digestive problems may worsen gastroesophageal reflux. These are some of the herbs that can be used.

* Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is an anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic and relieves pain in the gastrointestinal tract. Chewable tablets are recommended to treat these cases. Take 380 to 1.140 mg per day. Do not take licorice if you have high blood pressure and also for long periods.
* The Elm (Ulmus fulva) protects irritated tissues and helps to heal them. Take 60 to 320mg per day.

In addition, you can combine 4 of the following herbs and eat them as you (1 cup per day) or tincture (30 to 60 drops 3 times daily).

* Valerian (Valeriana officinalis), sedative, especially for cases of anxiety or depression and poor digestion.
* Yam (Discorea villosa), antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, especially for fatigue causing stress and poor digestion.
* St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum), relieves pain, and is an antidepressant.
* Skullcap (Scutellaria laterifolia)-antispasmodic, sedative, especially for cases of insomnia.
* Linden (Tilia cordata), antispasmodic, diuretic, used for dyspepsia (gas).

Homeopathy

The most common remedies used for GERD are listed below. Normally, the dose is 12X to 30C every 1 to 4 hours until your symptoms improve.

* Arsenicum album, in case of pain that improves with heat.
* Carbo vegetables, if swelling and indigestion that worsen when lying down, especially with flatulence and fatigue.
* Lycopodium, in case of heartburn that gets worse while eating.
* Nux Vomica, if heartburn cramps and constipation.

Acupuncture

Acupuncture can improve digestion and relieve stress.
Procedures

consult a physician if the medication does not help or if there are side effects such as cramping or diarrhea.
Recommendations

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is common during pregnancy, particularly in the third quarter. Papaya Chewable tablets relieve symptoms and are safe.