When the outlet of the stomach acid going back into the esophagus, there is then a acid reflux. What involves symptoms such as heartburn. Contrary to the stomach mucosa constitutes the lining of the esophagus is not in order to be in contact with the acid there. The esophagus may therefore be damaged by this acidity that is not in place.

If the burn of the stomach and other gastric symptoms appear two to three weeks and without affecting daily life, then it was acid reflux that light. However, if symptoms persist for six months, become a real difficulty in daily life including the night, it will be rather a severe acid reflux that would be likely to lead to other complications if ignored over a long time .

Question or acid reflux symptom, heartburn, this is mainly to maintain a healthy lifestyle and dietary practices such “healthy”, which are bases for the abolition of the meals too heavy, too fatty, the elimination of soft drinks, he reduction of coffee, tea, alcohol, chocolate and also new things and avoid wearing too tight clothing, or even try to reject the cigarette.

It is necessary to avoid prolonged fasting especially since an empty stomach will be much more vulnerable to acidity. If heartburn appear between meals, making a comparison can often relieve in some people. Contrary to what one might think, the milk can relieve stomach pain as very short term. However, it can also worsen the long-term heartburn because it contains casein and calcium, which increases gastric secretion and the resulting heartburn.

The citrine or acid fruits such as orange, grapefruit or apples can also be as responsible for gastric discomfort. From the point of view of the drinks, coffee, tea, chocolate, cocoa and cola contain methylxanthines that can cause severe pain to the stomach. Alcohol, finally, promotes gastric secretion of hydrochloric acid which can be harmful to the stomach. In spices, that will determine the lot of tolerance for each individual.

Foods to Avoid

Some foods emphasize or create enabling heartburn acid reflux in the esophagus or increasing the production of gastric juices or by decreasing the effectiveness of the esophageal sphincter should prevent trace acidity in the esophagus. This applies, in particular, foods rich in fats, lower the tone of the sphincter, delayed digestion, and thereby promote the accumulation of gastric juices in the stomach. Output as the sparks, the delicatessen meats, whole milk, cheese, rich sauces and fatty meats.

Chocolate also helps to loosen the sphincter muscle. Spearmint and spiced mint, which has acids such “volatile” cause the same effects, it is therefore advised to avoid herbal teas, drinks, candy or condiments containing mint. Onions are also recognized as having a direct effect on the irritation of the esophagus. Onions frits in particular often cause heartburn especially those who suffer regularly from gastroesophageal reflux.

Foods that should be favored

Other foods on the contrary increase the lower esophageal sphincter pressure. They are protein-rich foods such as meat, fish fine products wholly or partly skimmed milk. People suffering from burns of the stomach or gastro esophageal reflux should choose from such fine cuts of beef, veal, pork and lamb, and poultry without the skin, so fresh and frozen fish, sardines, cheese and nonfat yogurts containing less than 2% of fat.

So, taking care to feed them can relieve burns and other stomach ailments. But it should be noted that this discipline is not always sufficient to itself.

The administration of drugs such as cimetidine or ranitidine may reduce gastric acidity. Should also be avoided certain foods (like fats and chocolate), tobacco and certain drugs (eg anticholinergics), anything that increases the tendency of the lower esophageal sphincter to let the liquid. The doctor may prescribe a medicine cholinergic (eg, bethanechol, metoclopramide or cisapride) to make the lower sphincter to close more tightly.

Urgent surgery is not necessary unless esophagitis causing a massive hemorrhage. But bleeding can reoccur. The narrowing of the esophagus is treated with drugs and repeated dilations, which can be made using balloons or probes (dilators of progressively larger metal). If dilation is effective, the closer does not limit significantly the food intake. Treatment with omeprazole or lansoprazole or surgery can relieve the intense inflammation, hemorrhage, strictures, ulcers or symptoms that have not responded to other treatments. The omeprazole and lansoprazole are the drugs most effective for the rapid resolution of esophageal inflammation caused by reflux. Barret’s syndrome, a precancerous condition, can disappear, provided that the treatment has alleviated the symptoms, although not always so.

The heartburn is linked to dysfunction of digestion. Chewing and saliva on the food are the first stage of digestion. You then divide the stomach work and food for it, it helps extremely acidic gastric juices. It is when these juices back into the esophagus we experience the unpleasant sensation of heartburn.

Indeed, while the stomach wall resists this acidity, the wall of the esophagus is much more fragile, which makes us feel more or less accentuated this acid reflux from the stomach. Then understand the importance of chewing food thoroughly, allowing the stomach and therefore less work to use less acidic gastric juices.

The role of the stomach

The stomach is an integral part of the digestive system, is a muscular organ located in the upper abdomen and connected to the esophagus on the one hand, and the other to small hail. It measures about 15 cm (6 inches) and about 30 cm (12 inches) long. The adult may even dress to contain up to one liter of food!

When food reaches the stomach, the small valve on the bottom of the esophagus is closed again, is the lower esophageal sphincter (YES) making this work. Some people have a more elastic sphincter other heartburn but also more generally be explained by diet and lifestyle.

But heartburn may also result in poor digestion, also hide more serious or more difficult diseases such as acidic reflux or ulcer.

Anxiety, stress and strain have an influence on the gastrointestinal system.

It is sometimes follow a healthy lifestyle and dietary practices relatively simple. Do not make too heavy meals, eat less fat, avoid soft drinks, clothes are not tight, do not smoke and limit coffee, tea, alcohol, chocolate.

Do you suffer from reflux?

If you recognize particular foods that seem to cause heartburn, you will see that eating in the morning rather than just before bedtime will alleviate your symptoms of heartburn. When you eat during the period of wakefulness and activity, the body is more able to contain stomach acids used to digest food.

Many people suffer from heartburn mostly at night and have found relief by raising the level of the head in his bed. Although the mere adding layers of pillows does not have the same effect has been found to raise the end of the bed for at least a foot decreases the symptoms of heartburn.

If you still suffer from acid reflux and changes in your diet does not appear to have helped, you should consider visiting a doctor to rule out structural abnormality or suffering some other factor that contributes to acid reflux symptoms. Even if you end up trying any medication prescribed by your doctor, it is a good idea to try to eliminate foods that make you burn stomach, and increase the amount of fresh food, raw.

Acid reflux is a common condition that occurs when stomach acid comes back again into the esophagus. In most people, this is caused by situational factors, such as overeating or stress, and disappears in a few days. However, if acid reflux continues for more than a couple of weeks or is accompanied by other symptoms such as vomiting or diarrhea, it is important to see your doctor Your doctor will diagnose the cause of your acid reflux and prescribe the right medications for you.

Zantac 75

Zantac 75 is a prescription medication is also available in a lower dose. It is used to treat a wide variety of conditions from acid reflux.

Zantac 75 is in a class of prescription medications called inhibitors proton pump. These drugs act and force the gastric acid pump in the stomach. This reduces the amount of acid the stomach produces.

Zantac 75 is safe and effective for many people. However, it should not be taken by those with certain underlying medical conditions, including but not limited to, kidney or liver disease, without the approval of a doctor. They also can interact negatively with other medications. For your safety, consult your doctor before taking any version of Zantac 75.

Zantac 75 can cause a range of adverse effects, although these are mild in most people. Tell your doctor immediately if you experience headache, vomiting, stomach pain or any unusual symptoms.

Nexium

Nexium is a prescription drug commonly used to treat a specific type known as acid reflux gastroesophageal reflux. This condition occurs when a regular washing of stomach acid causes pain and injury in the esophagus. Nexium can also be used with other medications to treat or prevent stomach ulcers.

Nexium belongs to a class of drugs known as H2 blockers acid reflux. These drugs block the production of histamine2, a natural chemical that stimulates the stomach to produce acid.

Nexium is well tolerated by many people, but it is not suitable for everyone. Make sure your doctor is aware of your medical history and any prescription and nonprescription medicines you take. Side effects are possible, ranging from headache to dry mouth. Let your doctor know if you see any unusual symptoms.

Prilosec OTC

Prilosec OTC is a popular choice because it is a recommended treatment for many different causes of acid reflux. The drug is available in some formulations.

Aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate are the active ingredients. Read the label to determine which of them are used in the product you are considering. Some formulations also contain simethicone, which is effective against gas and bloating.

Prilosec OTC is generally safe and effective for most people. However, it may be appropriate for those with kidney disease or other underlying conditions. Besides antacids, such as Prilosec OTC may decrease the effectiveness of many prescription drugs. Always discuss your medical history and use of prescription medications with your doctor before taking OTC Prilosec or any other prescription medicines.

Prilosec OTC should not be considered a long-term substitute for seeing the doctor. If reflux persists beyond two weeks, or if you have additional symptoms such as vomiting, difficulty swallowing or drastic weight loss, it is important to see your doctor immediately. We diagnosed the specific cause of your symptoms of acid reflux and even start treatment regimen that is right for you.

Antibiotic treatment for H. pylori is in development. Simple agents should not be used because no single antibiotic can cure in a predictable way most infections H. pylori. At first it was recommended triple therapy based on bismuth. This approach has been tested with simple patterns of two drugs, which include the use of drugs blocking acid secretion. Whatever treatment is used, antibiotic resistance, the advice of the physician and patient compliance determines its success.

H2 blockers are important in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, but are no longer the primary treatment when used alone, are often used as antisecretory drugs in a regimen anti-H. pylori. With power and different half-lives, all these drugs (cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and nizatidine) are competitive inhibitors of histamine H2 receptor. Histamine has an important role in acid secretion stimulated by vagal and gastrin, thus making H2 blockers effective in suppressing basal acid output and gastric acid production stimulated by food, the vagus nerve and gastrin. The volume of gastric juice is reduced proportionally. It also decreases the secretion of pepsin mediated by histamine.

H2 blockers are well absorbed from the GI tract with a bioavailability of 37 to 90%. The onset of action is 30 to 60 min after ingestion, and effects are maximum after 1-2 h. The administration i.v. produce an onset of action faster. The duration of the action is proportional to the dose and ranges from 6-20 h. There are several liver metabolites, inactive or less active than the parent compound, but most of the drug is eliminated via the kidneys, requiring dose adjustment to renal function. Haemodialysis removes H2 blockers, and is essential to examine the dose after dialysis. Doses should be reduced in the elderly often.

Cimetidine has weak adrenergic effects that are expressed in the form of a reversible gynecomastia and, less commonly, impotence in some patients treated with high doses for prolonged periods (eg., The hypersecretory). After administration i.v. quick all H2 blockers have been reported altered mental status, diarrhea, rash, drug fever, myalgia, thrombocytopenia, and sinus bradycardia with hypotension, usually in <1% of treated patients, but more often in the elderly

Symptoms depend on the location of the ulcer and the patient’s age, many patients, especially seniors, have few symptoms or none. Pain is the most common symptom, usually located in the epigastrium and is relieved by food or antacids. The pain is described as burning, burning or hunger. The course is usually chronic or recurrent. Only about half of the patients presented the characteristic pattern of symptoms.

The symptoms of gastric ulcers do not usually follow a uniform pattern (eg., Eating often exacerbates the pain instead of alleviating it.) This is especially true in ulcers of the pyloric canal, which are often associated with obstructive symptoms (eg., Fullness, nausea, vomiting) caused by edema and scarring.

In duodenal ulcer, the pain tends to be more uniform. The pain is absent when the patient awake, but appears at mid-morning, is relieved by food but recurs 2-3 h after the meal. The pain wakes the patient at night is common and highly suggestive of duodenal ulcer.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of peptic ulcer is suggested mainly by history and confirmed by the studies described below. Stomach cancer may present with similar and must be discarded, especially in older patients who have weight loss or refer particularly severe or refractory symptoms. Endoscopy, cytology and multiple biopsies are reliable means of distinguishing the malignant gastric ulcers benign. The incidence of malignant duodenal ulcer is extremely low, so that biopsies are generally not justified. A malignant tumor secreting gastrin and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome should be considered in a patient with a severe ulcer diathesis, especially when the ulcers are multiple and occur in atypical sites (eg., Retrobulbar).

Fiberoptic endoscopy is a powerful tool for the diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer disease. An alternative diagnostic test is the double-contrast radiography with barium. Although endoscopy and radiography have similar sensitivities to detect ulcers, endoscopy is becoming the diagnostic modality of choice. Endoscopy detected more reliably esophagitis and esophageal ulcers and ulcers located in the posterior wall of the stomach and the sites of surgical anastomosis. Conversely, up to 10% of duodenal ulcers and may go unnoticed retrobulbar endoscopically, prompting a follow-up times radiological study with barium if clinical suspicion is high. Endoscopy also enables biopsies or brush cytology of gastric and esophageal lesions to distinguish between a simple ulcer and ulcerated gastric cancer. Endoscopy can also be used for definitive diagnosis of infection by H. pylori.

Ulcers can range in size from several millimeters to several centimeters. The sores are different from erosion by the depth of penetration, the erosions are superficial and do not affect the muscle layer of the mucosa.

Because the knowledge of the central role of H. pylori in the pathogenesis of peptic disease is increasing, diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer disease has changed dramatically.
Is an erosion in the lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine, an area called the duodenum.
If the ulcer is located in the stomach is called gastric ulcer.

Etiology and Pathogenesis

While traditional theories about the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers are concentrated in the acid hypersecretion, this finding is not universal, and today it is known that hypersecretion is not the primary mechanism by which produce most of the ulcerations. It appears that certain factors, namely H. pylori and NSAIDs, hinder the defense and repair of normal mucosa making the mucosa more susceptible to acid attack.

The mechanisms by which H. pylori causes mucosal injury are not entirely clarified, but several theories have been proposed. Urease produced by the microorganism catalyzes the conversion of urea to ammonia. Ammonia, while allowing the organism to survive in the acidic environment of the stomach, can erode the mucosal barrier and cause epithelial injury. Cytotoxins produced by H. pylori have also been implicated in the host epithelial injury. Mucolytic enzymes (eg., Proteases, lipases bacterial) appear to be involved in the degradation of the mucous layer, making the epithelium more susceptible to acid damage. Finally, the cytokines produced in response to inflammation may play a role in mucosal damage and subsequent ulcerogenesis.

NSAIDs probably cause mucosal inflammation and ulcers through topical and systemic effects. As NSAIDs are weak acids and are not ionized at pH gastric diffuse freely through the mucosal barrier within gastric epithelial cells, where H + ions are released leading to cell injury. Systemic effects appear to be mediated through its ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase activity and thereby the production of prostaglandins. By inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, NSAIDs induce various alterations of gastric microenvironment (eg., Reduced blood flow to the stomach, reducing the secretion of mucus and HCO3, reduced repair and cell replication), leading to deterioration of the mucosal defensive mechanisms.

Doctors refer to “lifestyle change” as the first treatment for reflux. A 2006 study suggested that most of the dietary changes were anecdotal, and only weight loss and elevation of the head of the bed were tested as effective. A randomized study of transition had the advantage of avoiding meals two hours before going to bed.

Positional therapy, sleeping on the left side, has proven to drastically reduce nighttime reflux episodes. The elevation of the head of the bed is also an effective measure. Combining drug therapy, meals just before bedtime, and elevation of the head of the bed, over 95% of patients have complete relief. If not fully improved, additional measures may be considered.

The elevation of the head of the bed can be done using various items: plastic or wooden props to support the legs of the bed, pillows, wedges, lifts, inflatable or a spring mattress. The lift height is very important and should be at least 15 to 20 inches to be minimally effective in preventing the rise in gastric fluids. Some mattresses are not suitable when inclined and tend to cause back pain, and are therefore preferred foam mattresses. Some people tip the bed more than 20 cm, and argue that the efficiency is higher.