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What is gastroesophageal reflux?
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Definition
Gastroesophageal reflux is the passage of gastric contents into the esophagus through the lower esophageal sphincter. The refluxed material can be contained in the stomach or intestine. Regurgitation is the ascent to the mouth or pharynx of material from the stomach or esophagus. Gastroesophageal reflux can be asymptomatic, causing no injuries on anyone.
Stomach acid refluxes into the esophagus causing mucosal damage Fig.2-normal gastroesophageal sphincter (contracted) by preventing the output of stomach acid.
Treatment
* Changes in lifestyle, diet and weight reduction, if overweight.
* Raise the head of the bed 3 to 8 cm.
* Dining or drinking any food 3 to 4 hours before bedtime or lying down.
* Avoid certain foods that relax the lower esophageal sphincter, caffeine, alcohol, snuff, spices, mint, chocolate.
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To relieve acid reflux may be taken several measures. Raising the head of the bed about 15 cm, while the person sleeps, can cause the acid to reach into the esophagus. It may be helpful to avoid coffee, alcohol and other substances that strongly stimulate the production of stomach acid. It also follows the ingestion of an antacid, one hour after meals and one at bedtime to neutralize stomach acid and possibly reducing the passage of liquid acid through the lower esophageal sphincter.
